Building Construction

Building construction usually refers to the process of building a residential or commercial structure from beginning to finishing. It contain lots of process and efforts. It is also involve lot’s of investment and time. Building construction is a ancient human activities. Ancient people started building construction to protect themselves from natural hazards. But today the purpose of construction is versatile. Now Building construction is also a process of making asset. So before starting building construction project we need to consider few essential aspects like, the purpose of construction, useability, government rule and policy, financial proficiency and utility.

Pre Construction Works.

Pre construction Works: Pre construction works means the work we need finish before starting construction works. Pre construction works includes some works that are stayed bellow.
a) Land selection: Land selection or site selection is a very important becaus the asset value of the Building is mostly depend of the location.

b) Design and Drawing: After selecting land we need to consult a professional architect who can make a perfect design to meet our requirements at the best budget. It is also important to follow government rules and regulation and proper use of every inch land to make the design. At the same time architect will also consult with a structural engineer to prepare working design and if any reinforcement required.

c) Preparing estimate and budget:After completing design preparing budget and estimate face come. At that stage an estimator estimate how much material will be required to complete the construction project. Apromexly what will be the cost. He will also prepare a summery sheet of construction.

d) Getting approval from Authorities: After doing a lot’s of table work then come one of the most important part of pre construction face is that taking proper approval from the authority. We need to submit all detail design and testing reports to local approval authorities for approval and after checking all compliances the authority will give permission. For Bangladesh most for big city there is a development authority such as RAJUK, CDA, KDA, etc. Other city you will get approval from local Municipality corporation. For special purpose construction we also need some special approval from different authority.

Starting Construction Work.

Starting construction Works: Start construction works means after completing all pre construction works. Start the project implementation.const ruction works includes some works that are stayed bellow.
a) Site Preparation:For starting construction work first of all we need to clean the place. After cleaning we must remove any kinds of hindrance that may hamper construction works. A safety barrier also need to made to prevent any unauthorize entry and unwanted accident.

b) Excavation & Foundation: To make good foundation excavation work need. According to design we need the excavation work done. After excavation the foundation started. Foundation is a crucial part of the structure becaus it is the connection between superstructure and soil/ground. All the load of the superstructure and sub structure of the building is distributed to the land through this foundation.

c) Plinth Beam:After finishing the foundation work ground beam preparation is started. Over the plinth beam, masonry work is started. The gap between the foundation and plinth beam is cover up with soil or sand.

d) Superstructure-column: The superstructure is the portion above the plinth level of the building. It is mainly the column and beam.

e) Break works: After completing the column and beam masonry work started according to design bricks, concrete blocks ctc, used to separate the room and make the space useable.

f) Lintel over door and window gap:To support Break or block work above the gap of door and window lintal is essential. It also reinforce the wall and column.

g) Roof structure:After completing the masonry work according to design Roof and floor structure construction started.

h) Electrical and plumbing work:After floor and roof construction done electrical wiring and plumbing work began.

i) Door and window fixing:Door and window frame fixe at the specific position according to the design.

h) Interior and exterior finishing: After completing Structural work internal and external finishing touch starts.

j) Waterproofing: Some Building need special type Waterproofing treatment specially country like Bangladesh. Where heavy rainfall occurs.

k) Painting:Last stage before start using the building is painting. According to the user test, environmental condition, different types of paint use in the building construction.